Fatednovel- Web novel & Story: iPhone vs Android
Fatednovel- Web novel & Story gets 100+ downloads a day worldwide (AppInsider estimate, October 2026, rounded down to a band).
Fatednovel- Web novel & Story by HK IReader Technology Limited is on both the App Store and Google Play. Here are both versions together: downloads, users, revenue, ratings and chart positions, store by store with totals.
Rating
4.8 ★
14k ratings, both stores
Measured
Best rank now
#117
Android · 
Books & Reference Free
Books & Reference FreeMeasured
App Store
App details
App ID
6447497607
Publisher
HK IReader Technology Limited
Publisher country
Hong Kong
On the store since
Apr 2023
3 years on the store
Minimum OS
iOS 15.0+
iPhone 6s and later
Devices
iPhone · iPad
Content rating
17+
4 content notes below
Languages
8
EN JA KO PT ZH ES TH ZH
Size
191 MB
Also listed in
Books
Content notesInfrequent/Mild Sexual Content and NudityFrequent/Intense Mature/Suggestive ThemesInfrequent/Mild Profanity or Crude HumorInfrequent/Mild Cartoon or Fantasy Violence
Google Play
App details
App ID
com.zhangyue.read.ireaderpor
Publisher
HK IReader Technology Limited
Publisher country
Hong Kong
Content rating
Mature 17+
Fatednovel- Web novel & Story downloads & installs
Both stores, worldwide. Bands are open; exact numbers are free with an account.
| Store | Downloads / day | Lifetime installs |
|---|---|---|
| iPhone | 50+ | 10k+ |
| Google Play | 100+ | 100k+ Measured |
| Total | 100+ Confidence | 100k+ Confidence |
How this is calculated
iPhone: chart positions and rating growth per country, anchored on its own Android downloads; lifetime from ratings worldwide × installs per rating. Google Play: the daily change in its exact install count. The total adds every store.
Where Fatednovel- Web novel & Story's downloads come from Modelled
Last 30 days: organic search, browsing the store, features and paid ads.
Active users
All platforms, worldwide. Free with an account.
Stickiness (DAU / MAU)
how many monthly users open it on a given day
How this is calculated
Monthly users come from lifetime installs across every store, fitted on monthly active user figures companies publish; daily users = monthly × the typical daily/monthly ratio for the category. Confidence is the chance the real number is within half to double ours.
In-app revenue
Worldwide, what users spend before Apple and Google take their fee.
| Store | Per day | Per month | Share |
|---|---|---|---|
| App Store | |||
| Google Play | |||
| Total | Confidence | 100% |
Business model: In-app purchase-led
How Fatednovel- Web novel & Story makes money: subscriptions, one-off purchases and ads.
SubscriptionsIn-app purchasesAds · 98 ad networks
Subscriptions
/mo
of revenue
Ads
/mo
of revenue
Top in-app purchases · App Store US, most popular first
| 1 | 1000 Coins | |
| 2 | 500 Coins | |
| 3 | 200 Coins | |
| 4 | 3000 Coins | |
| 5 | 2000 Coins | |
| 6 | Fatednovel VIP subscription | |
| 7 | Fatednovel VIP subscription | |
| 8 | 5000 Coins | |
| 9 | Fatednovel VIP subscription | |
| 10 | Recharge USD 14.99 |
Where it ranks now
Both stores, across every country we track.
Ratings
Both stores. Store data, measured.
| Store | Rating | Ratings |
|---|---|---|
| App Store | 4.6 ★ | 624 |
| Google Play | 4.8 ★ | 13k 285 written reviews |
| Both stores | 4.8 ★ weighted by ratings | 14k |
About Fatednovel- Web novel & Story
FatedNovel offers romantic and werewolf novels!
FatedNovel boasts an extensive library of romance&werewolf novels. For classic lovers, users can find a wide variety of heartwarming tales to warm their hearts, and enjoy a dedicated section for werewolf and fantasy novels.
[FEATURES]
1.Immersive Reading Experience:
The app offers an immersive reading experience with beautiful visuals, ambient soundscapes, and customization options that allow readers to bring their favorite characters and settings to life.
2.Customized Recommendations:
FatedNovel's intelligent algorithms get to know your preferences, ensuring that you receive personalized book recommendations. Discover new authors and stories that align with your interests.
3.Digital Book Clubs:
Connect with fellow romance or werewolf enthusiasts, discuss your favorite books, and even make new friends.
4.On-the-Go Reading:
Take your love for romance and fantasy wherever you go. FatedNovel is available on all your devices, so you can access your favorite stories anytime, anywhere.
5.Writing and Collaboration:
If you're an author, or simply a fan of creating your own stories, FatedNovel offers a platform for writing and collaboration. Share your own narratives and let others explore your imaginative tales.
Whether you're seeking heartwarming romances or thrilling werewolf tales, FatedNovel is the app that delivers a world of love, fantasy, and unforgettable stories right to your fingertips.
[HOT NOVELS]
* His Lost Lycan Luna
“Ivy was taken in by a pack that didn’t want her. Her fate was left undecided until her 18th birthday. King Kyson, the last remaining Royal takes an interest in the girl, and he orders her Alpha to hand her over. His obsession takes over and turns into something else when he makes her his consort.
Love or vengeance sometimes the lines that are drawn become a little blurred, and temptation is too much.
* You‘re Mine
I thought my senior year would be boring, that I’d stay hidden in the background like I’ve always been, the one who gets ignored until I go off to college. But now, I’m hiding everything from my brother, my best friend, even Easton …Will the boy who's always been off limits feel the same way about me once he finds out I was the girl he was kissing in the dark?
* CEO Daddy’s Excessive Love
"After being framed by her stepmother, she had spent the entire night with that mysterious man. In the end, she was forced to leave another country. Five years later, she returned with a pair of cute babies...
Don’t hesitate, download now to read novels now!
*Fatednovel Use of terms*
https://www.readnovle.com/fatednovel/terms.html
*Fatednovel Privacy*
https://www.readnovle.com/fatednovel/privacy.html
FatedNovel boasts an extensive library of romance&werewolf novels. For classic lovers, users can find a wide variety of heartwarming tales to warm their hearts, and enjoy a dedicated section for werewolf and fantasy novels.
[FEATURES]
1.Immersive Reading Experience:
The app offers an immersive reading experience with beautiful visuals, ambient soundscapes, and customization options that allow readers to bring their favorite characters and settings to life.
2.Customized Recommendations:
FatedNovel's intelligent algorithms get to know your preferences, ensuring that you receive personalized book recommendations. Discover new authors and stories that align with your interests.
3.Digital Book Clubs:
Connect with fellow romance or werewolf enthusiasts, discuss your favorite books, and even make new friends.
4.On-the-Go Reading:
Take your love for romance and fantasy wherever you go. FatedNovel is available on all your devices, so you can access your favorite stories anytime, anywhere.
5.Writing and Collaboration:
If you're an author, or simply a fan of creating your own stories, FatedNovel offers a platform for writing and collaboration. Share your own narratives and let others explore your imaginative tales.
Whether you're seeking heartwarming romances or thrilling werewolf tales, FatedNovel is the app that delivers a world of love, fantasy, and unforgettable stories right to your fingertips.
[HOT NOVELS]
* His Lost Lycan Luna
“Ivy was taken in by a pack that didn’t want her. Her fate was left undecided until her 18th birthday. King Kyson, the last remaining Royal takes an interest in the girl, and he orders her Alpha to hand her over. His obsession takes over and turns into something else when he makes her his consort.
Love or vengeance sometimes the lines that are drawn become a little blurred, and temptation is too much.
* You‘re Mine
I thought my senior year would be boring, that I’d stay hidden in the background like I’ve always been, the one who gets ignored until I go off to college. But now, I’m hiding everything from my brother, my best friend, even Easton …Will the boy who's always been off limits feel the same way about me once he finds out I was the girl he was kissing in the dark?
* CEO Daddy’s Excessive Love
"After being framed by her stepmother, she had spent the entire night with that mysterious man. In the end, she was forced to leave another country. Five years later, she returned with a pair of cute babies...
Don’t hesitate, download now to read novels now!
*Fatednovel Use of terms*
https://www.readnovle.com/fatednovel/terms.html
*Fatednovel Privacy*
https://www.readnovle.com/fatednovel/privacy.html
Fatednovel- Web novel & Story iPhone
Fatednovel- Web novel & Story gets 100+ downloads a day worldwide (AppInsider estimate, October 2026, rounded down to a band).
Fatednovel- Web novel & Story is #152 in Books Free in Australia and charting in 1 of 30 countries we track.
Updated 25 Oct 2026 · rankings refresh through the day
DeveloperHK IReader Technology Limited
CategoryBooks
PriceFree
Released
Rating★ 4.6 (624)
Version12.35.0
Age rating17+
First seen by us
24 Sep 2026
24 Sep 2026Installs (est.)10k+ worldwide
Rating
4.6 ★
624 ratings
Measured
Best rank now
#152
Books FreeMeasured
Fatednovel- Web novel & Story on the App Store
App details
App ID
6447497607
Publisher
HK IReader Technology Limited
Publisher country
Hong Kong
On the store since
Apr 2023
3 years on the store
Minimum OS
iOS 15.0+
iPhone 6s and later
Devices
iPhone · iPad
Content rating
17+
4 content notes below
Languages
8
EN JA KO PT ZH ES TH ZH
Size
191 MB
Also listed in
Books
Content notesInfrequent/Mild Sexual Content and NudityFrequent/Intense Mature/Suggestive ThemesInfrequent/Mild Profanity or Crude HumorInfrequent/Mild Cartoon or Fantasy Violence
Fatednovel- Web novel & Story downloads
Worldwide, per day, and installs to date. The band is open; the exact number is free with an account.
How this is calculated
Apple publishes no download counts. iPhone downloads come from chart positions and daily rating growth per country, calibrated on Google Play install counts; lifetime installs from ratings worldwide × installs per rating. Confidence is the chance the real number is within half to double ours.
Where Fatednovel- Web novel & Story's downloads come from Modelled
Last 30 days: organic search, browsing the store, features and paid ads.
Active users
All platforms, worldwide. Free with an account.
Stickiness (DAU / MAU)
how many monthly users open it on a given day
How this is calculated
Monthly users come from lifetime installs across every store, fitted on monthly active user figures companies publish; daily users = monthly × the typical daily/monthly ratio for the category. Confidence is the chance the real number is within half to double ours.
In-app revenue
Worldwide, what users spend in Fatednovel- Web novel & Story before Apple and Google take their fee.
How this is calculated
Not in an overall Top Grossing chart, only in category charts: each category position is converted to the overall position it corresponds to, then priced on the same rank-to-revenue curve, inside the part of each market the charted apps leave over.
Business model: In-app purchase-led
How Fatednovel- Web novel & Story makes money: subscriptions, one-off purchases and ads.
SubscriptionsIn-app purchasesAds · 98 ad networks
Subscriptions
/mo
of revenue
Ads
/mo
of revenue
Top in-app purchases · App Store US, most popular first
| 1 | 1000 Coins | |
| 2 | 500 Coins | |
| 3 | 200 Coins | |
| 4 | 3000 Coins | |
| 5 | 2000 Coins | |
| 6 | Fatednovel VIP subscription | |
| 7 | Fatednovel VIP subscription | |
| 8 | 5000 Coins | |
| 9 | Fatednovel VIP subscription | |
| 10 | Recharge USD 14.99 |
Where it ranks now
Every top chart it appears in across 30 countries.
| Country | Charts | Rank |
|---|---|---|
| Australia | BooksFree | #152 |
Apps near Fatednovel- Web novel & Story on the chart
Books Free, around #152.
Ratings
App Store, worldwide.
Rating
4.6 ★
624 ratings
Measured
Ratings
624
Measured
About Fatednovel- Web novel & Story
FatedNovel offers romantic and werewolf novels!
FatedNovel boasts an extensive library of romance&werewolf novels. For classic lovers, users can find a wide variety of heartwarming tales to warm their hearts, and enjoy a dedicated section for werewolf and fantasy novels.
[FEATURES]
1.Immersive Reading Experience:
The app offers an immersive reading experience with beautiful visuals, ambient soundscapes, and customization options that allow readers to bring their favorite characters and settings to life.
2.Customized Recommendations:
FatedNovel's intelligent algorithms get to know your preferences, ensuring that you receive personalized book recommendations. Discover new authors and stories that align with your interests.
3.Digital Book Clubs:
Connect with fellow romance or werewolf enthusiasts, discuss your favorite books, and even make new friends.
4.On-the-Go Reading:
Take your love for romance and fantasy wherever you go. FatedNovel is available on all your devices, so you can access your favorite stories anytime, anywhere.
5.Writing and Collaboration:
If you're an author, or simply a fan of creating your own stories, FatedNovel offers a platform for writing and collaboration. Share your own narratives and let others explore your imaginative tales.
Whether you're seeking heartwarming romances or thrilling werewolf tales, FatedNovel is the app that delivers a world of love, fantasy, and unforgettable stories right to your fingertips.
[HOT NOVELS]
* His Lost Lycan Luna
“Ivy was taken in by a pack that didn’t want her. Her fate was left undecided until her 18th birthday. King Kyson, the last remaining Royal takes an interest in the girl, and he orders her Alpha to hand her over. His obsession takes over and turns into something else when he makes her his consort.
Love or vengeance sometimes the lines that are drawn become a little blurred, and temptation is too much.
* You‘re Mine
I thought my senior year would be boring, that I’d stay hidden in the background like I’ve always been, the one who gets ignored until I go off to college. But now, I’m hiding everything from my brother, my best friend, even Easton …Will the boy who's always been off limits feel the same way about me once he finds out I was the girl he was kissing in the dark?
* CEO Daddy’s Excessive Love
"After being framed by her stepmother, she had spent the entire night with that mysterious man. In the end, she was forced to leave another country. Five years later, she returned with a pair of cute babies...
Don’t hesitate, download now to read novels now!
*Fatednovel Use of terms*
https://www.readnovle.com/fatednovel/terms.html
*Fatednovel Privacy*
https://www.readnovle.com/fatednovel/privacy.html
FatedNovel boasts an extensive library of romance&werewolf novels. For classic lovers, users can find a wide variety of heartwarming tales to warm their hearts, and enjoy a dedicated section for werewolf and fantasy novels.
[FEATURES]
1.Immersive Reading Experience:
The app offers an immersive reading experience with beautiful visuals, ambient soundscapes, and customization options that allow readers to bring their favorite characters and settings to life.
2.Customized Recommendations:
FatedNovel's intelligent algorithms get to know your preferences, ensuring that you receive personalized book recommendations. Discover new authors and stories that align with your interests.
3.Digital Book Clubs:
Connect with fellow romance or werewolf enthusiasts, discuss your favorite books, and even make new friends.
4.On-the-Go Reading:
Take your love for romance and fantasy wherever you go. FatedNovel is available on all your devices, so you can access your favorite stories anytime, anywhere.
5.Writing and Collaboration:
If you're an author, or simply a fan of creating your own stories, FatedNovel offers a platform for writing and collaboration. Share your own narratives and let others explore your imaginative tales.
Whether you're seeking heartwarming romances or thrilling werewolf tales, FatedNovel is the app that delivers a world of love, fantasy, and unforgettable stories right to your fingertips.
[HOT NOVELS]
* His Lost Lycan Luna
“Ivy was taken in by a pack that didn’t want her. Her fate was left undecided until her 18th birthday. King Kyson, the last remaining Royal takes an interest in the girl, and he orders her Alpha to hand her over. His obsession takes over and turns into something else when he makes her his consort.
Love or vengeance sometimes the lines that are drawn become a little blurred, and temptation is too much.
* You‘re Mine
I thought my senior year would be boring, that I’d stay hidden in the background like I’ve always been, the one who gets ignored until I go off to college. But now, I’m hiding everything from my brother, my best friend, even Easton …Will the boy who's always been off limits feel the same way about me once he finds out I was the girl he was kissing in the dark?
* CEO Daddy’s Excessive Love
"After being framed by her stepmother, she had spent the entire night with that mysterious man. In the end, she was forced to leave another country. Five years later, she returned with a pair of cute babies...
Don’t hesitate, download now to read novels now!
*Fatednovel Use of terms*
https://www.readnovle.com/fatednovel/terms.html
*Fatednovel Privacy*
https://www.readnovle.com/fatednovel/privacy.html
Latest updates
12.35.0
Fresh new look, smoother reading
Multiple bug fixes for better experience
Update now and enjoy improved reading!
12.34.0
Fresh new look, smoother reading
Multiple bug fixes for better experience
Update now and enjoy improved reading!
12.33.0
More from HK IReader Technology Limited
Fatednovel- Web novel & Story Android
Fatednovel- Web novel & Story gets 100+ downloads a day worldwide (AppInsider estimate, October 2026, rounded down to a band).
Fatednovel- Web novel & Story is #131 in Books & Reference Grossing on Google Play in United States and charting in 12 of 23 countries we track.
Updated 25 Oct 2026 · rankings refresh through the day
DeveloperHK IReader Technology Limited
CategoryBooks & Reference
PriceFree
Released
Installs100k+
Rating★ 4.8 (13k)
Updated
Content ratingMature 17+
Rating
4.8 ★
13k ratings
Measured
Best rank now
#131
Books & Reference GrossingMeasured
Fatednovel- Web novel & Story on Google Play
App details
App ID
com.zhangyue.read.ireaderpor
Publisher
HK IReader Technology Limited
Publisher country
Hong Kong
Content rating
Mature 17+
Fatednovel- Web novel & Story downloads
Worldwide, per day, and installs to date. The band is open; the exact number is free with an account.
How this is calculated
Google Play shows an exact lifetime install count; downloads per day are its daily change (measured). When Play hasn't refreshed the count, they come from new ratings and Top Free chart positions. Confidence is the chance the real number is within half to double ours.
Where Fatednovel- Web novel & Story's downloads come from Modelled
Last 30 days: organic search, browsing the store, features and paid ads.
Active users
All platforms, worldwide. Free with an account.
Stickiness (DAU / MAU)
how many monthly users open it on a given day
Retention · share of new users still active
Day 1
Day 7
Day 30
Time spent · per daily user
Average time spent Pro
min a day
Sessions a day Pro
Time per session Pro
min
How this is calculated
Monthly users come from lifetime installs across every store, fitted on monthly active user figures companies publish; daily users = monthly × the typical daily/monthly ratio for the category. Confidence is the chance the real number is within half to double ours.
In-app revenue
Worldwide, what users spend in Fatednovel- Web novel & Story before Apple and Google take their fee.
How this is calculated
Not in an overall Top Grossing chart, only in category charts: each category position is converted to the overall position it corresponds to, then priced on the same rank-to-revenue curve, inside the part of each market the charted apps leave over.
Business model: In-app purchase-led
How Fatednovel- Web novel & Story makes money: subscriptions, one-off purchases and ads.
SubscriptionsIn-app purchasesAds · 98 ad networks
Subscriptions
/mo
of revenue
Ads
/mo
of revenue
Top in-app purchases · App Store US, most popular first
| 1 | 1000 Coins | |
| 2 | 500 Coins | |
| 3 | 200 Coins | |
| 4 | 3000 Coins | |
| 5 | 2000 Coins | |
| 6 | Fatednovel VIP subscription | |
| 7 | Fatednovel VIP subscription | |
| 8 | 5000 Coins | |
| 9 | Fatednovel VIP subscription | |
| 10 | Recharge USD 14.99 |
Where it ranks on Google Play
Every top 200 chart it appears in across 23 countries.
| Country | Charts | Rank |
|---|---|---|
| United States | Books & ReferenceGrossing | #131 |
| United Kingdom | Books & ReferenceFree | #142 |
| Australia | Books & ReferenceFree | #117 |
 India | Books & ReferenceGrossing | #182 |
 Canada | Books & ReferenceFree | #174 |
 Indonesia | Books & ReferenceGrossing | #183 |
 Saudi Arabia | Books & ReferenceGrossing | #187 |
 Turkey | Books & ReferenceGrossing | #183 |
 United Arab Emirates | Books & ReferenceGrossing | #185 |
 Netherlands | Books & ReferenceGrossing | #189 |
 Thailand | Books & ReferenceGrossing | #183 |
 Vietnam | Books & ReferenceGrossing | #180 |
Apps near Fatednovel- Web novel & Story on the chart
Books & Reference Grossing, around #131.
Ratings
Google Play, worldwide.
Rating
4.8 ★
13k ratings
Measured
Ratings
13k
Measured
Written reviews
285
Measured
About Fatednovel- Web novel & Story
FatedNovel offers romantic and werewolf novels!
FatedNovel boasts an extensive library of romance&werewolf novels. For classic lovers, users can find a wide variety of heartwarming tales to warm their hearts, and enjoy a dedicated section for werewolf and fantasy novels.
[FEATURES]
1.Immersive Reading Experience:
The app offers an immersive reading experience with beautiful visuals, ambient soundscapes, and customization options that allow readers to bring their favorite characters and settings to life.
2.Customized Recommendations:
FatedNovel's intelligent algorithms get to know your preferences, ensuring that you receive personalized book recommendations. Discover new authors and stories that align with your interests.
3.Digital Book Clubs:
Connect with fellow romance or werewolf enthusiasts, discuss your favorite books, and even make new friends.
4.On-the-Go Reading:
Take your love for romance and fantasy wherever you go. FatedNovel is available on all your devices, so you can access your favorite stories anytime, anywhere.
5.Writing and Collaboration:
If you're an author, or simply a fan of creating your own stories, FatedNovel offers a platform for writing and collaboration. Share your own narratives and let others explore your imaginative tales.
Whether you're seeking heartwarming romances or thrilling werewolf tales, FatedNovel is the app that delivers a world of love, fantasy, and unforgettable stories right to your fingertips.
[HOT NOVELS]
* His Lost Lycan Luna
“Ivy was taken in by a pack that didn’t want her. Her fate was left undecided until her 18th birthday. King Kyson, the last remaining Royal takes an interest in the girl, and he orders her Alpha to hand her over. His obsession takes over and turns into something else when he makes her his consort.
Love or vengeance sometimes the lines that are drawn become a little blurred, and temptation is too much.
* You‘re Mine
I thought my senior year would be boring, that I’d stay hidden in the background like I’ve always been, the one who gets ignored until I go off to college. But now, I’m hiding everything from my brother, my best friend, even Easton …Will the boy who's always been off limits feel the same way about me once he finds out I was the girl he was kissing in the dark?
* CEO Daddy’s Excessive Love
"After being framed by her stepmother, she had spent the entire night with that mysterious man. In the end, she was forced to leave another country. Five years later, she returned with a pair of cute babies...
Don’t hesitate, download now to read novels now!
FatedNovel boasts an extensive library of romance&werewolf novels. For classic lovers, users can find a wide variety of heartwarming tales to warm their hearts, and enjoy a dedicated section for werewolf and fantasy novels.
[FEATURES]
1.Immersive Reading Experience:
The app offers an immersive reading experience with beautiful visuals, ambient soundscapes, and customization options that allow readers to bring their favorite characters and settings to life.
2.Customized Recommendations:
FatedNovel's intelligent algorithms get to know your preferences, ensuring that you receive personalized book recommendations. Discover new authors and stories that align with your interests.
3.Digital Book Clubs:
Connect with fellow romance or werewolf enthusiasts, discuss your favorite books, and even make new friends.
4.On-the-Go Reading:
Take your love for romance and fantasy wherever you go. FatedNovel is available on all your devices, so you can access your favorite stories anytime, anywhere.
5.Writing and Collaboration:
If you're an author, or simply a fan of creating your own stories, FatedNovel offers a platform for writing and collaboration. Share your own narratives and let others explore your imaginative tales.
Whether you're seeking heartwarming romances or thrilling werewolf tales, FatedNovel is the app that delivers a world of love, fantasy, and unforgettable stories right to your fingertips.
[HOT NOVELS]
* His Lost Lycan Luna
“Ivy was taken in by a pack that didn’t want her. Her fate was left undecided until her 18th birthday. King Kyson, the last remaining Royal takes an interest in the girl, and he orders her Alpha to hand her over. His obsession takes over and turns into something else when he makes her his consort.
Love or vengeance sometimes the lines that are drawn become a little blurred, and temptation is too much.
* You‘re Mine
I thought my senior year would be boring, that I’d stay hidden in the background like I’ve always been, the one who gets ignored until I go off to college. But now, I’m hiding everything from my brother, my best friend, even Easton …Will the boy who's always been off limits feel the same way about me once he finds out I was the girl he was kissing in the dark?
* CEO Daddy’s Excessive Love
"After being framed by her stepmother, she had spent the entire night with that mysterious man. In the end, she was forced to leave another country. Five years later, she returned with a pair of cute babies...
Don’t hesitate, download now to read novels now!
What's new in 12.32.0
Fresh new look, smoother reading
Multiple bug fixes for better experience
Update now and enjoy improved reading!
Multiple bug fixes for better experience
Update now and enjoy improved reading!